Remote Sensing for Agriculture in the Era of Industry 5.0—A Survey

Agriculture can be regarded as the backbone of human civilization. As technology evolved, the synergy between agriculture and remote sensing has brought about a paradigm shift, thereby entirely revolutionizing the traditional agricultural practices. Nevertheless, the adoption of remote sensing technologies in agriculture faces various challenges in terms of limited spatial and temporal coverage, high cloud cover, low data quality, etc. Industry 5.0 (I5.0) marks a new era in the industrial revolution, where humans and machines collaborate closely, leveraging their distinct capabilities, thereby enhancing the decision-making capabilities, sustainability, and resilience. This article provides a comprehensive survey of remote sensing technologies and related aspects in dealing with the various agricultural practices in the I5.0 era. We also elaborately discuss the various applications pertaining to I5.0-enabled remote sensing for agriculture. Finally, we discuss several challenges and issues related to the integration of I5.0 technologies in agricultural remote sensing. This comprehensive survey on remote sensing for agriculture in the I5.0 era offers valuable insights into the current state, challenges, and potential advancements in the integration of remote sensing technologies and I5.0 principles in agriculture, thus paving the way for future research, development, and implementation strategies in this domain.