ALTERNATIIVSEID ETÜMOLOOGIAID XI. KURN, PUGI, PUTITAMA, RIIS JA RUHIMIK

This article presents a new or more elaborate etymological interpretation for the words kurn ‘a clutch of eggs; brood’, pugi ‘gust of wind’, putitama ‘to repair, to put (something in working order’, riis ‘net bag; fishing gear’, and ruhimik ‘a cupped handful, gathered hands’. kurn : kurn ‘brood; clutch of eggs; (in dialects) group, gang’. kurn is a South Estonian word but has also been reported from Virumaa and the shores of Lake Peipus. It is assumed that kurn derives from the Russian dialect word гу́рма meaning ‘crowd, throng, gang, herd’, comparable to Ukrainian and Belorussian гурма́ id. This East Slavic word is considered a borrowing from Polish hurm, hurma ‘crowd, large number, pile’. The word kurn is characterized by a sporadic alternation rm ~ rn within the root, which, as a cross-borrowing via Estonian appears in Latvian dialects: kùrms, kur̃miņa ‘crowd, herd’. pugi : pugi ‘strong gust of wind’. The word is recorded only in Western Saaremaa. It is assumed that this word for wind either came directly from Livonian (cf. Livonian pū’gə̑: tūĺ pū’gub ‘the wind blows’) or through Latvian (cf. Latvian dialect pūga ‘gusty wind’) as a cross-borrowing, or that it was phonetically influenced by these corresponding terms in the mentioned languages. putitama : putitada ‘to repair, to set in order’. It is presumed to be a Soviet-era borrowing from the Russian polysemous verb бу́ти́ть ‘to beat, pound, thump, to sound dully’. The Estonian dialect verb put́tima ‘to fill gaps between masonry stones with mortar’ also derives from the Russian verb бути́ть ‘to fill a hole, trench with stones and earth’, representing an earlier loan into Estonian dialects. riis : riisi ‘net bag; manually operated fishing net’. This word is widespread in Saaremaa, Mulgimaa, and the eastern part of the Võru dialect area, and has close equivalents in Votic riisi ‘(net) wing’ and Finnish dialect riisi ‘coastal seine’. It is assumed that riis is a re-borrowing from the Estonian rüsa word via the Russian dialect (Pskov region) loan base ри́са, ри́сы (plural) or риз‘fish trap’. ruhimik : ruhimik ‘cupped handful’ is a South Estonian word, marked by considerable variability both in the root (ruhi) and in suffixes. There are no etymological counterparts in other Finnic languages. I assume that ruhi- and related forms (< *ruhi < *rukše̮) are cognates of the Erzya word rukšna, rušna, rušńa ‘palm, cupped hand’ < rukšǝ, with -na (-ńa) being a nominal suffix. Artiklis esitatakse uus või täpsustatud etümoloogiline tõlgendus sõnadele kurn ’haudumise jagu mune; pesakond’, pugi ’tuulepuhang’, putitama ’remontima, (töö)korda seadma’, riis ’võrkkott; kalapüügivahend’ ja ruhimik ’kamal, kokkupandud peod’.