GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES AIDED SPATIAL GROUNDWATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT FOR DRINKING PURPOSE IN CHARKHI DADRI DISTRICT, HARYANA

Water is important for living beings for drinking and other domestic uses. Good quality water plays vital role in establishment of human health, settlements, agriculture and industrial growth. Good quality groundwater is important mainly for drinking purpose because polluted drinking water can cause many health problems. Geospatial techniques including remote sensing satellite data, geographical information system (GIS) and global positioning system (GPS) are playing vital role in assessment of groundwater quality. In the present study spatial groundwater quality has been assessed for drinking purpose in Charkhi Dadri district of Haryana. Charkhi Dadri district is located between latitudes 28.385446 N to 28.814909 N and longitudes 75.815527 E to 2 76.466172 E and covers 1377 km . In the study area forty three groundwater samples were collected in 250 ml double capped plastic bottles. Groundwater samples were analyzed using Field Water Testing Kit prepared by Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage (TWAD) Board, Chennai for twelve chemical parameters i.e. pH, alkalinity, hardness, chloride, total dissolved solids, fluoride, iron, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and residual chlorine. Point chemical data were converted into spatial form in ArcGIS 10.4.1 software using inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation technique. The interpolated groundwater quality data were categorized in three classes i.e. desirable, permissible and non-potable as per BIS (IS 10500:2012) drinking water standards and calculated the area of each drinking water class for each chemical parameter. The spatial distribution of 2 chemical parameters in the study area shows that pH, nitrite, phosphate, residual chlorine cover 1377 km area 2 2 2 under desirable, alkalinity covers 3 km area under desirable, 1371 km area under permissible and 3 km area 2 2 2 under non-potable, hardness covers 209 km area under desirable, 992 km area under permissible and 176 km 2 2 area under non-potable, chloride covers 448 km area under desirable, 863 km area under permissible and 26 2 2 2 km area under non-potable, TDS covers 1239 km area under permissible and 138 km area under non2 2 2 potable, fluoride covers 119 km area under desirable, 401 km area under permissible and 857 km area under 2 2 non-potable, iron covers 1205 km area under desirable and 172 km area under non-potable, ammonia covers 2 2 2 954 km area under desirable and 423 km area under non-potable, nitrate covers 1377 km area under nonpotable. The study is highly useful for drinking water supply department as well as local users for searching good quality drinking water sites in the study area.