"THEORY OF NATURAL LAW AND ITS ESSENCE "

"This article examines the principles and tenets of natural law theory in modern jurisprudence, focusing on its relationship to constitutional interpretation and legal reasoning. In particular, natural law theory grounds law in the universal and immutable principles of justice inherent in natural orders and provides an ethical basis for assessing the legitimacy of legal norms and institutions. This article explores the philosophical foundations of natural law theory and its implications for governance, justice, and human rights, drawing on the work of historical and contemporary natural law theorists Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, and John Finnis. In particular, how natural law principles influence constitutionalism, the rule of law, and the relationship between law and morality has been explored, the relevant literature has been reviewed, and the ongoing conflicts between natural law theory and legal positivism have been identified. discussed in theoretical debates. discussed.  Different views on the nature of natural law, its sources, and its relationship to morality are also highlighted. Based on the idea that certain moral principles are inherent in nature and human reason, natural law has passed through the stages of philosophy, law, and ethics over the centuries. The analysis of the complexities of natural law helps to understand the essence of the eternal concept that unites the fulcrums of human civilization. "