A hybrid mock circulatory loop integrated with a LED-PIV system for the investigation of AAA compliant phantoms

Background Cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and require extensive investigation through in-vitro studies. Mock Circulatory Loops (MCLs) are advanced in-vitro platforms that accurately replicate physiological and pathological hemodynamic conditions, while also allowing for precise and patient-specific data collection. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is the standard flow visualization technique for in-vitro studies, but it is costly and requires strict safety measures. High-power Light Emitting Diode illuminated PIV (LED-PIV) offers a safer and cheaper alternative. Methods In this study, we aim to demonstrate the feasibility of a Hybrid-MCL integrated with a LED-PIV system for the investigation of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) compliant phantoms. We considered two distinct AAA models, namely, an idealized model and a patient-specific one under different physiological flow and pressure conditions. Results The efficacy of the proposed setup for the investigation of AAA hemodynamics was confirmed by observing velocity and vorticity fields across multiple flow rate scenarios and regions of interest. Conclusion The findings of this study underscore the potential impact of Hybrid-MCL integrated with a LED-PIV system on enhancing the affordability, accessibility, and safety of in-vitro CVD investigations.