Research review and reflections on ultra-high-speed rail transit in low-vacuum environments

Despite its significant application potential, low-vacuum ultra-high-speed rail transit faces several pressing scientific and technical challenges. This paper presents a comprehensive review of low-vacuum tube ultra-high-speed rail transit technology, covering its origins, development, and current international research trends. The necessity and feasibility of developing this technology are then analyzed, followed by a detailed discussion on the adaptability of magnetic levitation technology for trains operating in low-pressure environments, as well as the primary technical challenges, such as heat dissipation and insulation issues. Furthermore, the paper proposes technical solutions and measures for rescue and evacuation specific to low-vacuum tube transportation systems.