Research Progress of Coenzyme Q in Diabetes Mellitus and Its Common Complications

Jingdong Xia,1,2 Xiudan Li,1,2 Chunying Bai,2 Xuchen Han1 1Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University, Chifeng, The Inner Mongol Autonomous Region, Chifeng, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Research on Human Genetic Diseases at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Chifeng, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xuchen Han; Xiudan Li, Email hanxuchen2004@163.com; 1248337580@qq.comAbstract: Coenzyme Q has garnered significant attention due to its potential role in enhancing cellular energy production and its antioxidant properties. We delve into the therapeutic potential of coenzyme Q in managing diabetes mellitus and its complications, highlighting its capacity to improve mitochondrial function, reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, and correct lipid profiles. Coenzyme Q has shown promise in ameliorating insulin resistance and alleviating complications such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy, kidney disease, retinopathy, and cardiomyopathy. However, its clinical application is limited by poor bio-availability. This review also provides a comprehensive overview of current therapeutic strategies for diabetes complications involving coenzyme Q, including stimulating endogenous synthesis and utilizing carrier transport systems, offering insights into mechanisms for enhancing coenzyme Q bio-availability. These findings suggest that, with improved delivery methods, coenzyme Q could become a valuable adjunct therapy in the management of diabetes mellitus.Keywords: coenzyme Q, diabetes mellitus, diabetic complications