Radiation Pattern Reconfigurable Arch-Shaped Dual-Band Antenna for Wi-Fi and WLAN Applications

This paper describes the design and analysis of a reconfigurable radiation pattern dual-band antenna for Wi-Fi and WLAN applications. The antenna patch comprises two parts: the upper part, which consists of three symmetrical oval rings, and the lower part, which is shaped like a lotus flower. By controlling the ON and OFF states of lumped p-i-n switches to control the direction of the radiation beams, the proposed pattern reconfigurable antenna achieves three reconfigurable states. The beam's direction change is performed by two switches that are connected in the gap between the feedline and the arch. The proposed antenna operates at 2.4 and 5.5 GHz, covering the bands from 2.1882 to 2.55 GHz and from 5.31 to 5.96 GHz, respectively. Additionally, the directivity over the working bands is about 1.92 to 4 dBi while the gain lies in the range of 1.66 to 3.5 dB. Moreover, the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) varies from 1 to 1.20. The size of the antenna is 47×59.5 mm2 which is printed on a 1.6 mm thickness FR-4 substrate of 4.4 relative permittivity. Computer simulation technology Microwave Studio is used to design and study the recommended constructions. The proposed design achieves an acceptable value of VSWR, stable gain, and good directivity, which makes it a suitable choice for future radiation pattern reconfiguration applications. The proposed antenna is distinguished by a simple shape, compact size, respectable return loss, good radiation characteristics, and high efficiency. The obtained results from measurements are quite close to the simulations.