Low-Loss Super-Wide Band Antenna over Customized Substrate

In this work, a super wide band antenna is proposed to operate in the frequency band 2.3-23 GHz. The antenna has two planar arms with a modified diamond shape printed on the opposite faces of three-layer dielectric substrate. Each arm of the antenna is capacitively coupled to circular sector near its end to increase the impedance matching bandwidth. The dielectric substrate is customized to fit the shape of the antenna arms and the parasitic elements to reduce the dielectric loss. The substrate material is composed of three layers. The upper and lower layers are Rogers RO3003TM of 0.13 mm thickness and the middle layer is made of paper of 2.3 dielectric constant and 2.7 mm thickness. The antenna is fed through a wide band impedance matching balun. The antenna design stages are performed through electromagnetic simulations concerned with the parametric study to get the optimum antenna dimensions to numerically investigate the role of the parasitic element to enhance the antenna performance. A prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated to validate the simulation results. The experimental measurements come in good agreement with the simulation results and both of them show that the antenna operates efficiently over the frequency band 2.3-23 GHz with minimum radiation efficiency of 97% and maximum gain of 5.2 dBi. The antenna has bandwidth to dimension ratio (BDR) of 1360.