UNIVERSAL JURISDICTION ENSURING THE RULE OF LAW IN INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS

This article explores the essential role of universal jurisdiction in enforcing state responsibilities under the ‘aut dedere aut judicare’ mandate, which requires the integration of international crimes into national laws. It posits that universal jurisdiction is a fundamental requirement, not merely an option, for states to effectively meet their international obligations. This necessity extends beyond criminalizing international offences, providing the jurisdictional foundation for international criminal cooperation. The paper examines how universal jurisdiction reflects states’ prescriptive jurisdiction, enabling adjudicative jurisdiction in accordance with due process principles. By emphasizing the critical role of universal jurisdiction in domestic law, the article illustrates how it aids states in adhering to their ‘aut dedere aut judicare’ obligations. This adherence is crucial for national criminalization of international crimes and facilitating effective cross-border legal cooperation, reinforcing justice, accountability, and the rule of law globally. Ultimately, incorporating universal jurisdiction into domestic legislation is vital for states to uphold international legal standards and due process, for operationalizing international cooperation in adjudicating international crimes, and fulfilling state responsibilities in line with the general theory of legal process.