CoCO2-MOSAIC 1.0: a global mosaic of regional, gridded, fossil, and biofuel CO₂ emission inventories

<p>Gridded bottom-up inventories of CO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span> emissions are needed in global CO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span> inversion schemes as priors to initialize transport models and as a complement to top-down estimates to identify the anthropogenic sources. Global inversions require gridded datasets almost in near-real time that are spatially and methodologically consistent at a global scale. This may result in a loss of more detailed information that can be assessed by using regional inventories because they are built with a greater level of detail including country-specific information and finer resolution data. With this aim, a global mosaic of regional, gridded CO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span> emission inventories, hereafter referred to as CoCO2-MOSAIC 1.0, has been built in the framework of the CoCO2 project.</p> <p>CoCO2-MOSAIC 1.0 provides gridded (0.1<span class="inline-formula">^∘</span> <span class="inline-formula">×</span> 0.1<span class="inline-formula">^∘</span>) monthly emissions fluxes of CO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span> fossil fuel (CO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span>ff, long cycle) and CO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span> biofuel (CO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span>bf, short cycle) for the years 2015–2018 disaggregated in seven sectors. The regional inventories integrated are CAMS-REG-GHG 5.1 (Europe), DACCIWA 2.0 (Africa), GEAA-AEI 3.0 (Argentina), INEMA 1.0 (Chile), REAS 3.2.1 (East, Southeast, and South Asia), and VULCAN 3.0 (USA). EDGAR 6.0, CAMS-GLOB-SHIP 3.1 and CAMS-GLOB-TEMPO 3.1 are used for gap-filling. CoCO2-MOSAIC 1.0 can be recommended as a global baseline emission inventory for 2015 which is regionally accepted as a reference, and as such we use the mosaic to inter-compare the most widely used global emission inventories: CAMS-GLOB-ANT 5.3, EDGAR 6.0, ODIAC v2020b, and CEDS v2020_04_24. CoCO2-MOSAIC 1.0 has the highest CO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span>ff (36.7 Gt) and CO<span class="inline-formula">₂</span>bf (5.9 Gt) emissions globally, particularly in the USA and Africa. Regional emissions generally have a higher seasonality representing better the local monthly profiles and are generally distributed over a<span id="page502"/> higher number of pixels, due to the more detailed information available. All super-emitting pixels from regional inventories contain a power station (CoCO2 database), whereas several super-emitters from global inventories are likely incorrectly geolocated, which is likely because regional inventories provide large energy emitters as point sources including regional information on power plant locations. CoCO2-MOSAIC 1.0 is freely available at zenodo (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7092358">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7092358</a>; Urraca et al., 2023) and at the JRC Data Catalogue (<span class="uri">https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset/6c8f9148-ce09-4dca-a4d5-422fb3682389</span>, last access: 15 May 2023; Urraca Valle et al., 2023).</p>