Assessing the feasibility of using a neural network to filter Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2) retrievals at northern high latitudes

<p>Satellite retrievals of <span class="inline-formula">XCO₂</span> at northern high latitudes currently have sparser coverage and lower data quality than most other regions of the world. We use a neural network (NN) to filter Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2) B10 bias-corrected <span class="inline-formula">XCO₂</span> retrievals and compare the quality of the filtered data to the quality of the data filtered with the standard B10 quality control filter. To assess the performance of the NN filter, we use Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) data at selected northern high latitude sites as a truth proxy. We found that the NN filter decreases the overall bias by 0.25 <span class="inline-formula">ppm</span> (<span class="inline-formula">∼</span> 50 %), improves the precision by 0.18 <span class="inline-formula">ppm</span> (<span class="inline-formula">∼</span> 12 %), and increases the throughput by 16 % at these sites when compared to the standard B10 quality control filter. Most of the increased throughput was due to an increase in throughput during the spring, fall, and winter seasons. There was a decrease in throughput during the summer, but as a result the bias and precision were improved during the summer months. The main drawback of using the NN filter is that it lets through fewer retrievals at the highest-latitude Arctic TCCON sites compared to the B10 quality control filter, but the lower throughput improves the bias and precision.</p>