Digital reconstruction of Barros Lima’s design for São Torcato Sanctuary, 1825

This study reconstructs the unfinished architectural project of the São Torcato Sanctuary, designed by Luís Inácio Barros Lima in 1825, using modern digital visualisation techniques. The objective is to create a three-dimensional (3D) model that accurately represents the sanctuary’s interiors, facilitating broader public engagement with this historical structure. Employing a systematic methodology, we analysed historical documentation and employed photogrammetry and parametric modelling through Rhinoceros (Rhino) software to reconstruct key architectural elements. We established a metric identification system based on regional measurement units, enabling a cohesive modelling process despite challenges posed by distorted and incomplete source material. The modelling process was organised into Levels of Development (LOD), allowing for a hierarchical approach from basic geometries to intricate features. We utilised Grasshopper for the efficient generation of various openings and detailed cornices, while photogrammetry facilitated the accurate modelling of existing capitals and the baldachin. A critical component of this reconstruction involved quantifying uncertainty within the model, utilising a false colour scheme to represent varying levels of confidence in the accuracy of different elements based on source availability. The average uncertainty score of the model was determined to be 40%, highlighting the speculative nature of some components due to incomplete documentation. This digital reconstruction contributes significantly to the architectural narrative of the São Torcato Sanctuary and serves as a resource for future research and public education. Despite inherent uncertainties, the model provides valuable insights into an architectural vision that remains unrealised, underscoring the importance of digital methods in the preservation and interpretation of architectural heritage.