DOAJ Open Access 2020

Monitoring the Morphology of M87* in 2009–2017 with the Event Horizon Telescope

Maciek Wielgus Kazunori Akiyama Lindy Blackburn Chi-kwan Chan Jason Dexter +214 lainnya

Abstrak

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has recently delivered the first resolved images of M87*, the supermassive black hole in the center of the M87 galaxy. These images were produced using 230 GHz observations performed in 2017 April. Additional observations are required to investigate the persistence of the primary image feature—a ring with azimuthal brightness asymmetry—and to quantify the image variability on event horizon scales. To address this need, we analyze M87* data collected with prototype EHT arrays in 2009, 2011, 2012, and 2013. While these observations do not contain enough information to produce images, they are sufficient to constrain simple geometric models. We develop a modeling approach based on the framework utilized for the 2017 EHT data analysis and validate our procedures using synthetic data. Applying the same approach to the observational data sets, we find the M87* morphology in 2009–2017 to be consistent with a persistent asymmetric ring of ∼40 μ as diameter. The position angle of the peak intensity varies in time. In particular, we find a significant difference between the position angle measured in 2013 and 2017. These variations are in broad agreement with predictions of a subset of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations. We show that quantifying the variability across multiple observational epochs has the potential to constrain the physical properties of the source, such as the accretion state or the black hole spin.

Topik & Kata Kunci

Astrophysics

Penulis (219)

Maciek Wielgus

Kazunori Akiyama

Lindy Blackburn

Chi-kwan Chan

Jason Dexter

Sheperd S. Doeleman

Vincent L. Fish

Sara Issaoun

Michael D. Johnson

Thomas P. Krichbaum

Ru-Sen Lu

Dominic W. Pesce

George N. Wong

Geoffrey C. Bower

Avery E. Broderick

Andrew Chael

Koushik Chatterjee

Charles F. Gammie

Boris Georgiev

Kazuhiro Hada

Laurent Loinard

Sera Markoff

Daniel P. Marrone

Richard Plambeck

Jonathan Weintroub

Matthew Dexter

David H. E. MacMahon

Melvyn Wright

Antxon Alberdi

Walter Alef

Keiichi Asada

Rebecca Azulay

Anne-Kathrin Baczko

David Ball

Mislav Baloković

Enrico Barausse

John Barrett

Dan Bintley

Wilfred Boland

Katherine L. Bouman

Michael Bremer

Christiaan D. Brinkerink

Roger Brissenden

Silke Britzen

Dominique Broguiere

Thomas Bronzwaer

Do-Young Byun

John E. Carlstrom

Shami Chatterjee

Ming-Tang Chen

Yongjun Chen

Ilje Cho

Pierre Christian

John E. Conway

James M. Cordes

Geoffrey B. Crew

Yuzhu Cui

Jordy Davelaar

Mariafelicia De Laurentis

Roger Deane

Jessica Dempsey

Gregory Desvignes

Sergio A. Dzib

Ralph P. Eatough

Heino Falcke

Ed Fomalont

Raquel Fraga-Encinas

Per Friberg

Christian M. Fromm

Peter Galison

Roberto García

Olivier Gentaz

Ciriaco Goddi

Roman Gold

José L. Gómez

Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz

Minfeng Gu

Mark Gurwell

Michael H. Hecht

Ronald Hesper

Luis C. Ho

Paul Ho

Mareki Honma

Chih-Wei L. Huang

Lei Huang

David H. Hughes

Makoto Inoue

David J. James

Buell T. Jannuzi

Michael Janssen

Britton Jeter

Wu Jiang

Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales

Svetlana Jorstad

Taehyun Jung

Mansour Karami

Ramesh Karuppusamy

Tomohisa Kawashima

Garrett K. Keating

Mark Kettenis

Jae-Young Kim

Junhan Kim

Jongsoo Kim

Motoki Kino

Jun Yi Koay

Patrick M. Koch

Shoko Koyama

Michael Kramer

Carsten Kramer

Cheng-Yu Kuo

Tod R. Lauer

Sang-Sung Lee

Yan-Rong Li

Zhiyuan Li

Michael Lindqvist

Rocco Lico

Kuo Liu

Elisabetta Liuzzo

Wen-Ping Lo

Andrei P. Lobanov

Colin Lonsdale

Nicholas R. MacDonald

Jirong Mao

Nicola Marchili

Alan P. Marscher

Iván Martí-Vidal

Satoki Matsushita

Lynn D. Matthews

Lia Medeiros

Karl M. Menten

Yosuke Mizuno

Izumi Mizuno

James M. Moran

Kotaro Moriyama

Monika Moscibrodzka

Cornelia Müller

Gibwa Musoke

Hiroshi Nagai

Neil M. Nagar

Masanori Nakamura

Ramesh Narayan

Gopal Narayanan

Iniyan Natarajan

Antonios Nathanail

Roberto Neri

Chunchong Ni

Aristeidis Noutsos

Hiroki Okino

Héctor Olivares

Gisela N. Ortiz-León

Tomoaki Oyama

Feryal Özel

Daniel C. M. Palumbo

Jongho Park

Nimesh Patel

Ue-Li Pen

Vincent Piétu

Aleksandar PopStefanija

Oliver Porth

Ben Prather

Jorge A. Preciado-López

Dimitrios Psaltis

Hung-Yi Pu

Venkatessh Ramakrishnan

Ramprasad Rao

Mark G. Rawlings

Alexander W. Raymond

Luciano Rezzolla

Bart Ripperda

Freek Roelofs

Alan Rogers

Eduardo Ros

Mel Rose

Arash Roshanineshat

Helge Rottmann

Alan L. Roy

Chet Ruszczyk

Benjamin R. Ryan

Kazi L. J. Rygl

Salvador Sánchez

David Sánchez-Arguelles

Mahito Sasada

Tuomas Savolainen

F. Peter Schloerb

Karl-Friedrich Schuster

Lijing Shao

Zhiqiang Shen

Des Small

Bong Won Sohn

Jason SooHoo

Fumie Tazaki

Paul Tiede

Remo P. J. Tilanus

Michael Titus

Kenji Toma

Pablo Torne

Tyler Trent

Efthalia Traianou

Sascha Trippe

Shuichiro Tsuda

Ilse van Bemmel

Huib Jan van Langevelde

Daniel R. van Rossum

Jan Wagner

John Wardle

Derek Ward-Thompson

Norbert Wex

Robert Wharton

Qingwen Wu

Doosoo Yoon

André Young

Ken Young

Ziri Younsi

Feng Yuan

Ye-Fei Yuan

J. Anton Zensus

Guangyao Zhao

Shan-Shan Zhao

Ziyan Zhu

Format Sitasi

APA MLA BibTeX

Wielgus, M., Akiyama, K., Blackburn, L., Chan, C., Dexter, J., Doeleman, S.S. et al. (2020). Monitoring the Morphology of M87* in 2009–2017 with the Event Horizon Telescope. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abac0d

@article{wielgus2020, author = {Maciek Wielgus and Kazunori Akiyama and Lindy Blackburn and Chi-kwan Chan and Jason Dexter and Sheperd S. Doeleman and Vincent L. Fish and Sara Issaoun and Michael D. Johnson and Thomas P. Krichbaum and Ru-Sen Lu and Dominic W. Pesce and George N. Wong and Geoffrey C. Bower and Avery E. Broderick and Andrew Chael and Koushik Chatterjee and Charles F. Gammie and Boris Georgiev and Kazuhiro Hada and Laurent Loinard and Sera Markoff and Daniel P. Marrone and Richard Plambeck and Jonathan Weintroub and Matthew Dexter and David H. E. MacMahon and Melvyn Wright and Antxon Alberdi and Walter Alef and Keiichi Asada and Rebecca Azulay and Anne-Kathrin Baczko and David Ball and Mislav Baloković and Enrico Barausse and John Barrett and Dan Bintley and Wilfred Boland and Katherine L. Bouman and Michael Bremer and Christiaan D. Brinkerink and Roger Brissenden and Silke Britzen and Dominique Broguiere and Thomas Bronzwaer and Do-Young Byun and John E. Carlstrom and Shami Chatterjee and Ming-Tang Chen and Yongjun Chen and Ilje Cho and Pierre Christian and John E. Conway and James M. Cordes and Geoffrey B. Crew and Yuzhu Cui and Jordy Davelaar and Mariafelicia De Laurentis and Roger Deane and Jessica Dempsey and Gregory Desvignes and Sergio A. Dzib and Ralph P. Eatough and Heino Falcke and Ed Fomalont and Raquel Fraga-Encinas and Per Friberg and Christian M. Fromm and Peter Galison and Roberto García and Olivier Gentaz and Ciriaco Goddi and Roman Gold and José L. Gómez and Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz and Minfeng Gu and Mark Gurwell and Michael H. Hecht and Ronald Hesper and Luis C. Ho and Paul Ho and Mareki Honma and Chih-Wei L. Huang and Lei Huang and David H. Hughes and Makoto Inoue and David J. James and Buell T. Jannuzi and Michael Janssen and Britton Jeter and Wu Jiang and Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales and Svetlana Jorstad and Taehyun Jung and Mansour Karami and Ramesh Karuppusamy and Tomohisa Kawashima and Garrett K. Keating and Mark Kettenis and Jae-Young Kim and Junhan Kim and Jongsoo Kim and Motoki Kino and Jun Yi Koay and Patrick M. Koch and Shoko Koyama and Michael Kramer and Carsten Kramer and Cheng-Yu Kuo and Tod R. Lauer and Sang-Sung Lee and Yan-Rong Li and Zhiyuan Li and Michael Lindqvist and Rocco Lico and Kuo Liu and Elisabetta Liuzzo and Wen-Ping Lo and Andrei P. Lobanov and Colin Lonsdale and Nicholas R. MacDonald and Jirong Mao and Nicola Marchili and Alan P. Marscher and Iván Martí-Vidal and Satoki Matsushita and Lynn D. Matthews and Lia Medeiros and Karl M. Menten and Yosuke Mizuno and Izumi Mizuno and James M. Moran and Kotaro Moriyama and Monika Moscibrodzka and Cornelia Müller and Gibwa Musoke and Hiroshi Nagai and Neil M. Nagar and Masanori Nakamura and Ramesh Narayan and Gopal Narayanan and Iniyan Natarajan and Antonios Nathanail and Roberto Neri and Chunchong Ni and Aristeidis Noutsos and Hiroki Okino and Héctor Olivares and Gisela N. Ortiz-León and Tomoaki Oyama and Feryal Özel and Daniel C. M. Palumbo and Jongho Park and Nimesh Patel and Ue-Li Pen and Vincent Piétu and Aleksandar PopStefanija and Oliver Porth and Ben Prather and Jorge A. Preciado-López and Dimitrios Psaltis and Hung-Yi Pu and Venkatessh Ramakrishnan and Ramprasad Rao and Mark G. Rawlings and Alexander W. Raymond and Luciano Rezzolla and Bart Ripperda and Freek Roelofs and Alan Rogers and Eduardo Ros and Mel Rose and Arash Roshanineshat and Helge Rottmann and Alan L. Roy and Chet Ruszczyk and Benjamin R. Ryan and Kazi L. J. Rygl and Salvador Sánchez and David Sánchez-Arguelles and Mahito Sasada and Tuomas Savolainen and F. Peter Schloerb and Karl-Friedrich Schuster and Lijing Shao and Zhiqiang Shen and Des Small and Bong Won Sohn and Jason SooHoo and Fumie Tazaki and Paul Tiede and Remo P. J. Tilanus and Michael Titus and Kenji Toma and Pablo Torne and Tyler Trent and Efthalia Traianou and Sascha Trippe and Shuichiro Tsuda and Ilse van Bemmel and Huib Jan van Langevelde and Daniel R. van Rossum and Jan Wagner and John Wardle and Derek Ward-Thompson and Norbert Wex and Robert Wharton and Qingwen Wu and Doosoo Yoon and André Young and Ken Young and Ziri Younsi and Feng Yuan and Ye-Fei Yuan and J. Anton Zensus and Guangyao Zhao and Shan-Shan Zhao and Ziyan Zhu}, title = {Monitoring the Morphology of M87* in 2009–2017 with the Event Horizon Telescope}, year = {2020}, journal = {DOAJ}, doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/abac0d}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/abac0d}, }

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Informasi Jurnal

Tahun Terbit: 2020
Sumber Database: DOAJ
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abac0d
Akses: Open Access ✓