A security check service decision-making model for outward air cargo in multimodal transport from remote off-airport cargo terminals

To address the limitation of existing models for selecting freight security inspection modes and determining secondary inspection ratios which often overlook multi-node collaborative risk assessment, this study focuses on the security inspection service decisions for outbound air cargo in multimodal transport originating from remote off-airport cargo terminals. A "two-point, one-line" security inspection service decision-making model is constructed, which includes remote landside freight stations, interline transportation, and airport airside cargo terminals. Based on system safety risk assessment principles, the model determines the changes of the quantified value of safety according to different factors such as the credit rating of freight agents, types of freight station security inspections, and the failure probability of the intermodal transportation system. Taking a land-air multimodal transport scenario as an example, simulation experiments on the change of safety quantitative value are conducted on the freight agents with different credit grades, and the final safety quantitative value and the safety standard of airport cargo and mail installation are relatively analyzed. Results show that the proposed decision model is both effective and practical. It provides scientifically grounded recommendations for security inspection service decisions and helps reduce the workload of secondary inspections for outbound air cargo via multimodal transport from remote cargo stations.