On the issue of determining the distance traveled for calculating road tolls

Introduction. Various contactless vehicle identification systems on public roads are widely used in global practice. They solve a wide range of problems, from tracking traffic flows and collecting tolls for road usage to designating parking spots and digital identification. A key role in implementing the state's transportation strategy is played by the development of transport infrastructure, the most crucial component of which is the public road network of national importance. This network has suffered damage due to the full-scale invasion by the Russian Federation. The network is vital for the country's defense logistics, industrial and agricultural efficiency, and ensuring adequate societal communication. The main source of road infrastructure funding is the Road Fund, formed from revenues from excise duties and import tariffs on petroleum products, as well as excise duties and import tariffs on vehicles and tires imported into Ukraine. Problem Statement. To increase state budget revenues, it is necessary to introduce a socially fair road toll for heavy vehicles with a maximum permissible gross weight of 12 tons or more on public roads. The wear and tear on road surfaces caused by trucks is significantly greater than that caused by other vehicles. Road tolls should be collected based on the damage inflicted by a vehicle on the roads, which requires developing a scheme for terminal placement to collect vehicle movement data (hereafter referred to as terminals) on public roads of national importance, along with algorithms for determining the traveled distance.