The impact of earnings on the sustainable development of manufacturing enterprises in Poland

The paper is designed to test the impact of net earnings on the sustainable development of manufacturing enterprises in Poland from 2008 to 2021. The study employs a dataset comprising variables, categorized into economic, social, and environmental pillars. We created synthetic indicators of sustainable development and its pillars, conducted a correlation analysis, and built single- and multi-equation econometric models. We used the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) methods. The results demonstrate a positive impact of financial performance on the economic and social pillars, while the environmental pillar exhibits a declining trend. The research has limitations related to the choice of time series, the scope of sustainability indicators, the selection of analytical variables, and estimation methods. Practical implications include applying econometric models to support decision-making processes to balance economic performance with social and environmental objectives. Social implications indicate the strength and direction of the impact of net earnings on the social development of the sector. What is new is the development of models enabling the analysis of the studied phenomenon among manufacturing enterprises in Poland.