Air quality in Poland and the potential of elimination of odours from organic waste: a review of the literature

In Poland, the problem of odour emissions is mainly associated with the agricultural sector, industry and municipal management. Odours pose a serious environmental challenge, negatively affecting both the quality of human life and the state of the environment. The aim of this article was to review the literature on the possibility of eliminating odours, in terms of sustainable development. The article describes the characteristics of air quality in Poland, taking into account selected odour compounds emitted into the atmosphere, assesses odour nuisance, paying particular attention to the characteristics of pollutants from animal husbandry and the possibility of elimination using the biofiltration process, in addition, the impact of air pollutants on human health and the functioning of ecosystems is determined, basic regulations and the possibility of odour management are detailed. It should be noted that animal husbandry is a key source of odour emissions. Technologies (including biofiltration) that rely on microorganisms to biologically break down pollutants can effectively reduce malodourous compounds emitted into the air. In the absence of unified standards and regulations relating to odourant emissions, it is crucial to carry out activities aimed at establishing clear air quality regulations. It is essential to reduce the negative effects of odourant emissions based on sustainable solutions.