Genomic and Metabolomic Insights into the Antimicrobial Activities and Plant-Promoting Potential of <i>Streptomyces olivoreticuli</i> YNK-FS0020

Streptomycetes are vital microbial resources used in agriculture and biotechnology and are diverse secondary metabolites. The <i>Streptomyces olivoreticuli</i> YNK-FS0020 strain was isolated from the rhizosphere soil in Yunnan’s Wuliangshan Forest; its functions were explored via a series of experiments and genomic analysis. Indoor assays showed that this strain inhibits seven plant pathogens (including <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> Tropical Race 4) and exhibits phosphorus solubilization, siderophore production, and plant-growth promotion. Genomic analysis revealed 47 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters: 12 shared over 60% similarity with known clusters (4 exhibited 100% similarity, involving antimycin and ectoine), while 19 showed low similarity or unknown functions, indicating the strain’s potential in the development of novel compounds. Genes related to tryptophan-IAA synthesis, phosphate metabolism, and siderophore systems were annotated, while metabolomics detected indole-3-acetic acid and kitasamycin, revealing mechanisms like hormonal regulation and antimicrobial secretion. In summary, YNK-FS0020 has potential for use in plant-growth promotion and disease control, aiding agricultural microbial resource utilization.