Antibacterial Polyketides Isolated from the Marine-Derived Fungus <i>Fusarium solani</i> 8388

Seven new polyketides named fusarisolins F-K (<b>1</b>–<b>6</b>) and fusarin I (<b>7</b>) were isolated from the marine-derived fungus <i>Fusarium solani</i> 8388, together with the known anhydrojavanicin (<b>8</b>), 5-deoxybostry coidin (<b>9</b>), and scytalol A (<b>10</b>). Their structures were established by comprehensive spectroscopic data analyses, and by comparison of the ¹H and ¹³C NMR data with those reported in literature. Fusarisolin F (<b>1</b>) contained both a dichlorobenzene group and an ethylene oxide unit, which was rare in nature. In the bioassays, fusarisolin I (<b>4</b>), fusarisolin J (<b>5</b>), and 5-deoxybostry coidin (<b>9</b>) exhibited obvious antibacterial activities against methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> n315 with MIC values of 3, 3, and 6 μg/mL, respectively. Fusarisolin H (<b>3</b>) and fusarisolin J (<b>5</b>) showed inhibitory effects against methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> NCTC 10442 with the same MIC value of 6 μg/mL. With the exception of <b>5</b>, all other compounds did not show or showed weak cytotoxicities against HeLa, A549, and KB cells; while fusarisolin J (<b>5</b>) demonstrated moderate cytotoxicities against the three human cancer cell lines with CC₅₀ values between 9.21 and 14.02 μM.