Automated Identification and Spatial Pattern Analysis of Urban Slow-Moving Traffic Bottlenecks Using Street View Imagery and Deep Learning

With rapid urbanization and increasing emphasis on sustainable mobility, slow-moving traffic systems, including pedestrian and cycling infrastructure, have become critical to urban transportation and quality of life. Conventional assessment methods are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and limited in coverage. Leveraging advances in deep learning and computer vision, this study develops a framework for bottleneck detection using street-level imagery and the You Only Look Once version 5 (YOLOv5) model. An evaluation system comprising 15 indicators across continuity, safety, and comfort is established. In a case study of Wuhan’s Third Ring Road, the YOLOv5 model achieved 98.9% mean Average Precision (mAP)@0.5, while spatial hotspot analysis (<i>p</i> < 0.05) identified severe demand–infrastructure mismatches in southeastern Wuhan, contrasted with fewer problems in the northern region due to stronger management. To ensure adaptability, a dynamic optimization mechanism integrating temporal imagery updates, transfer learning, and collaborative training is proposed. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of street-level remote sensing for large-scale urban diagnostics, extend the application of deep learning in mobility research, and provide practical insights for data-driven planning and governance of slow-moving traffic systems in high-density cities.