Numerical Study on Impact Damage and Damage Evolution of Cemented Backfill

To quantitatively describe the damage degree and failure process of the cemented backfill (CB) under dynamic loading, this paper performed numerical split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) impact experiments on CB samples using the ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The damage pattern and failure process of CB samples with four mix ratios (cement-to-sand (<i>c</i>/<i>s</i>) ratios of 1:4, 1:6, 1:8, and 1:10) at different impact velocities (<i>v</i>) (1.5, 1.7, 1.8, and 2.0 m/s) were numerically investigated using the micro-crack density method to define the damage variable (<i>d</i>). The results revealed that the use of a waveform shaper in the numerical simulation yielded a more ideal rectangular wave to ensue uniform stress distribution across the sample’s plane without stress concentration. Numerical simulations effectively depicted the dynamic failure process of the CB, with the overall failure trend exhibiting edge spalling followed by the propagation and interconnection of internal cracks. When the <i>v</i> increased from 1.7 m/s to 1.8 m/s, the <i>d</i> increased by more than 10%. As the <i>v</i> increased from 1.5 m/s to 2.0 m/s, the <i>d</i> for <i>c</i>/<i>s</i> ratios of 1:4, 1:6, 1:8, and 1:10 ranged from 0.238 to 0.336, 0.274 to 0.413, 0.391 to 0.547, and 0.473 to 0.617, respectively. A significant “leap” phenomenon in damage was observed when the <i>c</i>/<i>s</i> ratio changed from 1:6 to 1:8.