Terahertz-Wave Absorption Gas Sensing for Dimethyl Sulfoxide

Gas sensing for dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) based on rotational absorption spectroscopy is demonstrated in the 220–330 GHz frequency range using a robust electronic THz-wave spectrometer. DMSO is a flammable liquid commonly used as a solvent in the food and pharmaceutical industries, materials synthesis, and manufacturing. DMSO is a hazard to human health and the work environment; hence, remote gas sensing for DMSO environmental and process monitoring is desired. Absorption measurements were carried out for pure DMSO at 297 K and 0.4 Torr (53 Pa). DMSO was shown to have a unique rotational fingerprint with a series of repeating absorption bands. The frequencies of transitions observed in the present study were found to be in good agreement with spectral simulations carried out based on rotational parameters derived in prior work. Newly, intensities of the rotational absorption lines were experimentally observed and reported for DMSO in this study. Measured intensities for major absorption lines were found in very good agreement with relative line intensities estimated by quantum mechanical calculations. The sensor developed here exhibited a detection limit of 1.3 × 10¹⁵–2.6 × 10¹⁵ DMSO molecules/cm³ per meter of absorption path length, with the potential for greater sensitivity with signal-to-noise improvements. The study illustrates the potential of all electronic THz-wave systems for miniaturized remote gas sensors.