Design and Experiment of Horizontal Transplanter for Sweet Potato Seedlings

In view of the problems of the difficulties faced in horizontal planting; high labor intensity, poor operation quality and low economy in the existing sweet potato bare seedling transplanting technology and equipment, combined with the agronomic requirements of sweet potato planting and transplanting, a sweet potato bare seedling horizontal transplanter is designed, which can realize multiple processes such as rotary tillage and ridging, ditching and transplanting, covering soil and standing seedlings. The main parameters affecting the working performance and operation effect of the whole machine are analyzed, determining the relevant position and motion parameters, taking the forward speed of machines and tools, spacing of the ribbons and spiral speed as the influencing factors of the performance test, selecting the qualified rate of plant spacing as the evaluation index, and designing a three-factor and three-level orthogonal test. The test results show that the primary and secondary order of the significance of the qualified rate <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>Z</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> of plant spacing is <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>B</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>C</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>. The better horizontal combination of influencing factors is that the forward speed of machines and tools is 0.17 m·s⁻¹, the spacing of the ribbons is 110 mm, and the spiral speed is 170 rpm. The field test results showed that the average <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>Z</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-value of plant spacing qualification rate under the optimal factor level combination was 91.87%, which met the relevant technical standards and agronomic requirements.