Military Operations for Law Enforcement.

Purpose. to analyze the strategy and tactics of the Indonesian Army Special Forces Command (Kopassus) within the Nemangkawi Task Force during joint operations with the National Police of Indonesia, focusing on counterinsurgency measures against the Papuan separatist armed group (KKSB). Method. The research employs a qualitative approach based on a collective case study method. Data sources include official documents, academic publications, interviews with task force members, and analytical materials concerning the activities of KKSB. The analysis covers the three operational phases of the Nemangkawi Task Force (2018–2022). Findings. The results demonstrate that KKSB posed a significant threat to Indonesian sovereignty by employing violent tactics such as killings, ambushes, hostage-taking, and propaganda about alleged human rights violations. Kopassus involvement initially improved operational effectiveness, though results declined as KKSB adapted its strategies. The dual nature of the operations—military and law enforcement—required high-level coordination between the army and the police. Weaknesses included limited trust from the local population, civilian casualties, and KKSB’s effective international propaganda efforts. Practical implications. The findings can be applied to improve joint army–police counterinsurgency operations, design personnel training models to minimize losses, and strengthen information policies against separatist propaganda. This case may also serve as a practical model for military education institutions in Indonesia and other countries facing similar challenges. Originality/value. The article provides one of the few comprehensive examinations of the Nemangkawi Operation as an example of hybrid military–law enforcement activity. It contributes to the understanding of counterinsurgency operations in Southeast Asia and offers new insights into the integration of military and police strategies in combating separatism. Paper type. Applied nature.