The Prevalence of Thiamine Deficiency and Associated Factors among Adult Population in Shiraz, Southern Iran

Background: Thiamine is an essential nutrient, and its deficiency is accompanied by nervous and cardiovascular disorders. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of thiamine deficiency and associated factors among adults in Shiraz, southern Iran. Methods: In a cross-sectional study using random multistage sampling method, 180 men and women who were 20-60 years old were enrolled. Demographic data were collected and a food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intakes. Serum transketolase level was measured to estimate thiamine deficiency. Results: Mean serum transketolase level was 2.19±2.71 ng/dL, and the mean intake of thiamine was 1.39±0.58 mg/day. Overall serum transketolase level was in the normal range of 0.05-9 ng/dL; however, it was lower than 0.88 ng/dL among 50% of the subjects. No significant association was found between serum transketolase level and either dietary intake of thiamine and weekly intake of whole bread. Conclusion: Despite the normal serum transketolase level and dietary intake of thiamine, half of the participants were at lower levels of serum transketolase. Therefore, increasing the knowledge of the community about dietary sources of thiamine could prevent thiamine deficiency and enhance their health status.