Russian Translations of Orhan Pamuk’s Beyaz Kale in The Context of the Paratext–translation Relation

Paratexts are the elements that play an integral role in creating the framework of a text and making it a work of art. They have an important function in the perception of the text and are located around and connect with it. In translation, paratext elements accompany the translator’s journey during translation and integrate with the translated text. This study explores the work of Orhan Pamuk, entitled White Castle using the framestory technique. White Castle is examined in terms of paratextuality through its translations into Russian. Peritext elements are specifically discussed. The aim of the study is to observe how Orhan Pamuk is perceived as a Turkish novelist in the literary world of the Russian target culture via peritext elements. The descriptive method has been used to discuss these elements. The findings reveal that the Ottoman period is sometimes highlighted, and the historical background is focused on. Moreover, the mystical aspect of the work is touched upon, and the twin-similar theme and the emphasis on the mystery that we encounter in almost every work of the author are carried to the covers. Based on the translators’ notes and the analysis of both translations, we can deduce that the translators generally apply foreignization in the translation of the work. Both translators produce a translation that adheres to Russian language standards. M. Sharov decided to re-translate the work after V. B. Fyonova’s translation because of the generation gap between the two translators and the transition from an aesthetic translation language to a simple translation language.