Foundations of Religious Ethics Education: Insights from the Perspectives of Al-Ghazali

The present study was conducted with the aim of examining the educational opinions of Ghazali in the field of ethics (in order to base it on the original religious foundations), and compiling and presenting his explanatory foundations in this field, using the "analytical-interpretive method". The results indicate that Ghazali in the field of anthropology has a two-dimensional view with special emphasis on the "inherent and divine dignity of man" as well as the "spiritual and spiritual aspect of his existence". In the discussion of theology, Ghazali considers Allah the "center and Axis of the universe" and introduces the tendency of people to theology as "natural" and "based on their divine nature". In the field of Ontology, Ghazali presents the universe as having two dimensions: "the universe of matter" and "the universe of the hereafter", both of which require human effort and life. In terms of psychological foundations, Ghazali's explanations are based on the "role of reason and will in shaping human moral behavior", "how to gain knowledge and moral values", "how to judge morally and the ultimate morality", "how to motivate morally", "the angel and goal of moderation of power". In the field of cognitive foundations, Ghazali's emphasis and focus is on "the conditions that create behavior instead of behavior itself", "the opposition to the eradication of instincts from the existence of man as the root of moral virtues and vices in man", as well as "the emphasis on harmony and balance between the three forces of the soul, as the authentic and ultimate beauty". Finally, in the field of epistemology, "the possibility of acquiring knowledge in the field of morality" and also "the extent of Appeal and emphasis on reason and revelation in the recognition of the good and ugliness of actions" are among the things mentioned by Ghazali.