Exploring Institutional Strategies for Attaining the Objectives of the Tehran Metropolitan Plan

The extreme spatial disparity and heterogeneity between Tehran city and other settlements in its urban area have led to a decline in spatial justice and amplified differences within the Tehran metropolitan area. This study aims to identify the key factors that influence the realization of the Tehran Metropolitan Plan objectives in the metropolitan area management system using an institutional approach and meta-synthesis method. A systematic review of scientific research articles published between 1390 to 1400 was conducted, and the meta-synthesis method was used to analyze the findings of 23 studies. The results indicate that the reformation of Tehran Metropolitan's organizational structure is the most crucial step toward institutional change, as per the proposed indicators. At the variable level, the study emphasizes the need for the adoption of a multi-centered development model that aligns with institutional change in planning systems, comprehensive and integrated management of the metropolitan area, shifting towards governance of the metropolitan area, centralization, creating a multifaceted functional network, transparency, accountability, and collaborative efforts.