A Comparative Study of the Role of Geographic Sources of Power in Geopolitical Crises (Case Study: Ukraine and Taiwan Crisis)

This study examines the geopolitical crises in Ukraine and Taiwan using a qualitative and comparative approach and analyzes the role of various components of the geography of power, including ethnic and religious compositions, strategic location, natural resources, and human dimensions (human rights), in the formation and escalation of these crises. The findings show that in Ukraine, the ethnic and linguistic compositions in the east of the country, the strategic location as a bridge between Russia and the West, and rich natural resources such as gas and agricultural land have directly contributed to geopolitical competition and have led to foreign interventions. In Taiwan, although the ethnic composition is less diverse, the identity distinction of the Taiwanese from the Chinese and its strategic location in the vital waterways of the China Sea have made this island one of the most sensitive points in the geopolitical confrontations between China and the United States. Also, Taiwan’s role in the semiconductor industry as a strategic resource in the global technology supply chain has strongly influenced international competition. Furthermore, human rights issues have been used as political tools in both crises to justify international interventions and support. This research shows how geographical, identity, and natural resource factors have played a role in exacerbating geopolitical crises and have become tools to advance the goals of great powers.