Advances in the Application of CRISPR-Cas-Based Detection Systems for Safety Monitoring and Control in the Food Supply Chain

As societal demands for food production and regulation continue to rise, foodborne viruses have become a significant food safety risk. CRISPR-Cas is a gene-editing technology that employs RNA-guided Cas nucleases to achieve precise, site-specific modifications within the genome. This review explores the progress and applications of CRISPR-Cas detection systems in identifying foodborne viruses. It explains the working principles of the CRISPR-Cas system in nucleic acid amplification, signal detection, and amplification, highlighting its advantages in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and rapid response when detecting foodborne viruses in food samples. CRISPR-Cas-based detection methods significantly improve detection efficiency, providing valuable technical support for food industry monitoring. The review also discusses strategies, such as developing industry standards and fostering collaborative efforts to advance the application of this technology in securing food supply chains. It addresses challenges, including system complexity and a lack of standardization in CRISPR-Cas food safety testing. It also envisions its potential to enhance food safety risk management and regulatory efficiency. This review offers theoretical insights and practical guidance for applying CRISPR-Cas detection systems in food safety.