Reflections on Improving Welfare Ethics Supervision in the Process of Animal Experimentation

China's welfare and ethical review system for laboratory animals faces significant gaps in legislative hierarchy, clarity of responsibilities for review bodies, procedural standardization, and process supervision. Current regulations lack dedicated provisions for animal welfare, leading to ambiguous roles among review entities, insufficiently standardized supervision procedures, and an absence of independent third-party evaluation mechanisms and unified oversight standards. Consequently, ethical reviews often become mere formalities, with supervision of the implementation phase of animal experiments being particularly weak. This paper proposes a regulatory framework focused on the implementation phase：at the legislative level, revising the Regulations on the Management of Laboratory Animals to include explicit animal welfare sections, elevating the legal status of the review system; at the standards level, refining supervision procedures, establishing an animal welfare evaluation indicator system and cross-supervision mechanism, and strengthening the implementation of national standards; at the technological level, enhancing ethics and operational training, promoting information-based monitoring technologies to enable quantifiable dynamic supervision of the entire animal experimentation process.