A Study on the Epistemological Characteristics of Organoids-on-Chips Technology

The classical logic of disease diagnosis in medicine relies on inductive reasoning derived from population-based evidence. Subsequently, it conducts abductive reasoning based on the optimal pathological models derived from such induction. However, this approach faces limitations in deeply revealing individual dynamic pathological mechanisms. Organoids-on-chips technology address this by simulating and constructing disease causal processes with higher fidelity, establishing a three-dimensional dynamic model (gene-environment-time) that emphasizes the human body's "adaptive processes". This enhances the understanding of diseases and generates individualized evidence based on patient-specific models. These capabilities better serve the goals of precision medicine. It facilitates the advancement of medical knowledge toward "mechanistically explainable and empirically verifiable" approaches. Thereby it offers new possibilities for humanity to tackle complex diseases. Furthermore, it introduces valuable topics for discussion in medical philosophy and medical ethics.