Adaptability Analysis of Transmission Line Protection under the Control Strategy of Grid-Forming Energy Storage Converter

Under the dual carbon target, a large number of new energy sources are connected to the power grid, and relay protection is becoming increasingly important as the primary guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the power system. The research on grid type inverter technology mainly focuses on system stability control, fault ride through, and other aspects, with little attention paid to the characteristics of relay protection. In this regard, this article analyzes the adaptability of transmission line protection under the control strategy of grid type energy storage inverters. Firstly, the synchronous control strategy and fault ride-through control strategy of grid-forming converters are analyzed, with equivalent circuits derived for grid-forming converters under different fault ride-through control strategies in the event of faults. Secondly, an evaluation of the operational performance under grid-forming control strategies is conducted. Additionally, an adaptability analysis is performed for each of these protection configurations. Lastly, a transmission line model incorporating a grid-forming energy storage converter is established in Simulink to validate the relevant theories. Based on the adaptability of transmission line protection, corresponding improvement suggestions are proposed.