Dual-Layer Optimization of Distribution Transformer Side Energy Storage Configuration and Dispatching for Short-Term Overload and Long-Term Light Load

Aiming at the problem of short-term overload and long-term light-load operation of rural distribution transformers, a bi-layer optimization method for optimizing energy storage configuration and scheduling on distribution transformer side based on economic benefit evaluation is proposed in this paper. The upper model aims at the optimal economic benefit of the system, and decides the rated power and capacity of the energy storage system by Levy flying particle swarm optimization. The lower layer model, embedded in a simple calculation model of energy storage life consumption, aims at minimizing active power fluctuation on the low voltage side of distribution transformer, minimizing energy storage life consumption and optimizing dispatching economic benefits, and decides the scheduling strategy of energy storage system by commercial solver Gurobi. When constructing the economic benefit evaluation model of energy storage system on the side of distribution transformer, taking into account the influence of battery life consumption and dynamic load rate of distribution transformer on economic benefit, the investment cost model of lithium iron phosphate energy storage system based on equivalent total cycle number and the fault risk-return model of distribution transformer considering the effect of dynamic load rate on fault probability are established. The results of numerical examples show that the proposed method can improve the economy of the distribution transformer side connected to the energy storage system while ensuring the safe and stable operation of the distribution network.