Phytoneering possibilities of BNO 1030 extract at the implementation of pharmaceutical care principles in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections

Abstract Background Viral infections are a real challenge of our time, given the high prevalence of viruses, their ability to constantly mutate and quickly adapt to their environment, and the fact that people (hosts) are highly mobile nowadays, travelling long distances within short time. In particular, acute respiratory viral infections are one of the most common groups of diseases characterized by a predominantly respiratory tract involvement, and are widespread in today’s societies all over the world. Methods The conducted research uses a complex of general scientific and special methods: theoretical, generalization, data systematization, comparison, methods of studying literary references, analysis, etc. Results A special pharmacotherapeutic place in the treatment of viral infections is occupied by phytoneering medicines that have multivector pharmacodynamics, namely, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antibacterial effects. All of these types of pharmacological activity are present in BNO 1030 extract. This review aims to discuss those effects and their impact on the clinical manifestation of upper respiratory tract infections. The composition of BNO 1030 extract is leading to a unique synergistic selection/combination of medicinal herb extracts, namely: oak bark (contains tannins with unique antibacterial and antiviral effects); walnut leaves (synergy of natural antioxidants and antiviral activity); dandelion herb (cocktail of biologically active compound with a wide range of action and nutritional value; blockade of receptors to SARS-CoV-2); horsetail herb (immunomodulation without stimulation of apoptosis and necrosis); chamomile flowers (powerful anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect); marshmallow root (antitussive effect, stronger than prenoxdiazine + expectorant); yarrow herb (essential oil with a rich content of biologically active compounds, including camphor and eucalyptol). Conclusions The unique pharmacodynamic potential of BNO 1030 extract, due to the extracts of seven medicinal herbs in its composition, justifies its use at all stages of viral infection. By reducing the number of ARVI complications, BNO 1030 extract reduces the need for antibacterials, provides pharmacoeconomic benefits and makes a significant contribution to solving a particularly urgent problem today – preventing the spread of antibiotic resistance.