Technoeconomic and Environmental Analysis of Institutional Grid-Connected PV Systems

Bangladesh is strongly seeking renewable energy sources to meet its increasing electricity demand as part of the worldwide shift to sustainable energy. Even in areas where the use of solar energy would be quite practical, many educational institutions nationwide still rely on the traditional power grid despite having significant solar potential. This paper fills a crucial research gap by providing a thorough technoeconomic analysis of a grid-tied solar photovoltaic (PV) system designed for an educational institution in Narail, Bangladesh, an application that is little documented in national literature. Essential design criteria, including the best system orientation, comprehensive loss analysis, precise component specifications, and energy yield projections, were all included in the system model, which was created using local meteorological data. According to the operational study, the suggested system can generate about 133 MWh of energy per year, of which 100 MWh is exported to the national grid and 33 MWh is set aside for self-consumption. A remarkably competitive levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of $0.0577/kWh is attained by the design. Additionally, the system is expected to lower carbon dioxide emissions by around 77.5 tonnes annually or more than 1900 tonnes throughout its 25-year operating lifespan, assuming a conservative 1% annual degradation rate. These findings highlight the economic feasibility and environmental sustainability of grid-connected solar PV systems for educational institutions in Bangladesh, which have the potential to improve energy security and significantly contribute to national carbon reduction efforts.