Flexible Neoprene Rubber-Based Patch Antenna for 5.9 GHz V2X Applications

This paper presents a compact, high-performance, linearly polarized patch antenna personalized for 5.9 GHz Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication. The antenna, designed on a flexible neoprene rubber substrate with a measured dielectric constant of 5.85 and a loss tangent of 0.016, achieves a 10% drop in patch size compared to standard designs. The dielectric properties of neoprene were characterized using the two-waveguide method, ensuring precise optimization of performance. Neoprene’s exceptional thermal stability, water resistance in harsh weather conditions, and durability at temperatures up to 200°C make it a highly reliable material for automotive applications. The proposed antenna’s compact size, mechanical flexibility, and cost-effectiveness allow continuous and easy integration on vehicle rooftops, enabling advanced communication capabilities. This work contributes to scalable, sustainable innovations in vehicular communication systems, laying the foundations for smarter and safer transportation networks.