A Novel Approach for Residential Neighborhoods’ Electricity Demand in Iraq Distribution Power Grids

In Baghdad City's distribution power grid, a massive number of 630 kV distribution transformers (DTs) are used in residential neighborhoods. Each DT is joined to nine low-voltage 0.415 kV distribution feeders. Each feeder has a designated size of 1 × 240 mm² and is joined to a specified number of residential dwellings (N = 30) fixed in the initial design stage. The size and number of low-voltage 0.415 kV distribution feeders are set with no change. In this investigation, we use a new approach for modeling electricity demand in residential neighborhoods in Baghdad City and overcome this constraint by finding the optimum number of residential dwellings joined to the same low-voltage 0.415 kV distribution feeder. Two sets of the experimental equations are created to compute the number of residential dwellings that are required to be joined to the low-voltage 0.415 kV distribution feeder. The multi-gradient particle swarm optimization algorithm is used as an optimization tool to handle these experimental equations. Results show that each low-voltage 0.415 kV distribution feeder can be loaded with 50 dwellings instead of 30 due to the diversity among residential dwellings. Several facts about the load profile characteristics of residential dwellings in Iraq are established. This study's outcomes provide useful technical references for Iraq electrical design engineers to update the connection grids of low-voltage 0.415 kV distribution feeders in Baghdad City to achieve economic benefits..