Application of High-frequency Ultrasound for Detection and Characterization of Dermal Fillers in the Periorbital Region

Background:. We aimed to compare the location and depth of multiple dermal fillers used for periorbital rejuvenation using high-frequency ultrasound and to access the resulting complications. Methods:. Data of patients who underwent periorbital high-frequency ultrasound from March 2015 to April 2024 at our hospital were collected, and all ultrasound images were counted and analyzed. Results:. A total of 191 patients were included, comprising 7 men and 184 women. The mean age was 40 ± 1 (18–68) years; among them, there were a total of 99 cases of hyaluronic acid, 42 cases of silicone oil, 34 cases of fat, 6 cases of thread sculpture, 5 cases of growth factors, and 5 cases of polyacrylamide hydrogel. Different dermal fillers have different ultrasound characteristics under high-frequency ultrasound, and the ultrasound characteristics of all fillers are demonstrated in the tables. In addition, the presence of blood flow signal within the echogenic region suggests filler infection, and the presence of punctate strong echoes with acoustic shadows suggests calcification. Conclusions:. High-frequency ultrasound accurately localizes and characterizes dermal fillers in the periorbital region. The distinct imaging features facilitate precise identification of filler types, providing valuable clinical usage in aesthetic assessments.