Evaluating bioreceptor immobilization on Gold Nanospike (AuNS)–modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode (SPCE) as enzymatic glucose biosensor

Integration of gold nanoparticles onto electrochemical biosensor electrodes has been widely conducted to improve the performance of biosensors. Gold nanospikes (AuNS), as one of the gold nanoparticle morphologies, can be integrated into biosensors through electrodeposition and has the potential to immobilize bioreceptor on biosensors using the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) method. This paper examines the potential of AuNS-deposited Screen-Printed Carbon Electrodes (SPCEs) on immobilizing enzymes as label-based electrochemical biosensor by evaluating the optimum parameter for glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme immobilization on the SPCE that consists of incubation time and concentration of SAM molecule—L-cysteine—and GOx enzyme, then reviews its performances. The developed biosensor exhibits excellent performance in detecting glucose (linear range of 0.2–15 mM and limit of detection (LOD) of 116 µM), with good selectivity against uric acid, urea, ascorbic acid, dopamine, and lactic acid, and superiority towards gold nanosphere modified biosensor.