Advanced Optimization of Drilling Parameters in Composite Materials: A Topsis-Based Approach for Enhanced Manufacturing Precision

Drilling natural fiber composite materials is challenging due to their anisotropic and heterogeneous structure, which often leads to delamination, thermal damage, and poor surface finish. The key objective of this study is to optimize drilling parameters such as spindle speed, feed rate, and drill type to improve machining performance and reduce common defects. To achieve this, 48 drilling experiments were conducted using three types of drills under varying cutting conditions. The methodology involved evaluating performance based on cutting force (CF), surface roughness (Ra), temperature (Te), and delamination (Fd). A multi-criteria decision-making approach, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), was applied to identify the most effective parameter combination. Results showed that Drill 2, a solid carbide drill, operating at 1000 rpm and 50 mm/min, produced the most favorable outcomes, minimizing defects and enhancing surface quality. The findings demonstrate that the TOPSIS-based framework effectively supports data-driven decision-making in drilling natural fiber composites.