Sustainable Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Finishing and Natural Dyeing Properties of Wool Yarn Treated with Chitosan-poly(amidoamine) Dendrimer Hybrid as a Biomordant

The use of natural dyes on textiles is developing due to the growing of environmental awareness and avoidance in production of some unsafe synthetic dyes. Pretreatment of wool yarn with chitosan-poly (amidoamine) dendrimer (Ch-PAMAM) hybrid for improving the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and dyeing properties of cochineal and madder as the high consumption natural dyes for dyeing of wool yarns was studied. It was found that cochineal and madder dye exhaustion on treated wool yarn as compared with raw wool yarn were increased by 22% and 10%, respectively. Results indicated that the equilibrium concentrations of cochineal and madder on the treated samples were achieved at 20% o.w.f. and 125% o.w.f., respectively. Furthermore, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of treated samples were excellent (>99%). It can be concluded that Ch-PAMAM hybrid can be applied on wool yarns as the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and bio-mordant agent to achieve higher natural dye absorption, and eliminate the metal mordants and acid from the dyeing of natural dyes on the wool.