A new fault location method for high‐voltage transmission lines based on ICEEMDAN‐MSA‐ConvGRU model

Abstract Given the complex form of distribution line faults, the accuracy of fault location using traditional artificial intelligence networks needs to be further improved. Here, a combined fault location method is proposed for a 110 kV distribution line based on the improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (ICEEMDAN), mantis search algorithm (MSA), and convolutional gate recurrent unit (ConvGRU). Firstly, the study used the ICEEMDAN algorithm to decompose the signals and discard the high‐frequency signals with low correlation so as to achieve the purpose of noise cancellation. Then, the study used the root mean square error (RMSE) of the ConvGRU model training as the adaptation value, optimized the internal parameters of the model using the MSA algorithm, and obtained a combined fault locating model. By using the proposed model, the effects of the fault form and transition impedance changes on the location accuracy were analysed, and the location accuracy was compared with other artificial intelligence methods. The location accuracy index showed that the proposed model had a better convergence speed of training error than the traditional model. Also, the RMSE of the localization results was reduced by 50%, with a higher fault location accuracy.