Sparse identification for model predictive control to support long‐term voltage stability

Abstract Along with the increased installation of distributed energy resources (DER), long‐term voltage stability can be improved if proper coordination is developed between DERs and grid controllers, for example, Load Tap Changer (LTC). In most of the proposed methods, the steady‐state voltage‐sensitivity analysis has been implemented to predict the voltage state, which is the state's dynamic evolution in abnormal operations of the grid with high shares of DERs. This paper presents a system identification‐based model predictive control (MPC), which can coordinate DERs and LTC to restore the voltage to the pre‐fault condition after emergencies. First, the online voltage evolution is predicted based on the sparse identification of the nonlinear dynamics (SINDY) technique. Then, the SINDY‐based voltage prediction is combined with an adaptive MPC in the centralized controller. In addition, the nonlinear of DERs have been modeled to avoid the MPC‐based coordination jeopardizing the local constraints of DERs. The proposed method has been tested in a modified CIGRE benchmark network. Simulation results show that the dynamic voltage is effectively estimated by the SINDY method. Furthermore, the developed MPC model smoothly supports faster voltage recovering time with the least number of control actions of LTCs.