DOAJ Open Access 2025

BAGI-assessed green GC-MS method for rapid analysis of paracetamol/metoclopramide in pharmaceuticals and plasma

Lateefa A. Al-Khateeb Mohammed Gamal Mohamed A. Elsayed Raimar Löbenberg Amira M. Hegazy

Abstrak

Abstract The growing demand for eco-friendly and cost-effective analytical methods has driven the development of a fast, green, and sensitive GC-MS assay for the simultaneous quantification of paracetamol (PAR) and metoclopramide (MET) in pharmaceutical formulations and human plasma. Separation was achieved in 5 min using a high-polarity 5% Phenyl Methyl Silox column, with detection at *m/z* 109 (PAR) and 86 (MET). The method was fully validated per ICH guidelines, showing excellent linearity (PAR: 0.2–80 µg/mL, r² = 0.9999; MET: 0.3–90 µg/mL, r² = 0.9988) and precision (tablet recovery: 102.87 ± 3.605% PAR, 101.98 ± 3.392% MET; plasma recovery: 92.79 ± 1.521% PAR, 91.99 ± 2.153% MET). Greenness assessment via three metrics, including the BAGI tool (score: 82.5), confirmed its environmental superiority over conventional methods. With high sensitivity, accuracy, and a 5-minute runtime, this approach is ideal for routine quality control and pharmacokinetic studies.

Topik & Kata Kunci

Medicine Science

Penulis (5)

Lateefa A. Al-Khateeb

Mohammed Gamal

Mohamed A. Elsayed

Raimar Löbenberg

Amira M. Hegazy

Format Sitasi

APA MLA BibTeX

Al-Khateeb, L.A., Gamal, M., Elsayed, M.A., Löbenberg, R., Hegazy, A.M. (2025). BAGI-assessed green GC-MS method for rapid analysis of paracetamol/metoclopramide in pharmaceuticals and plasma. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-25388-4

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Informasi Jurnal

Tahun Terbit: 2025
Sumber Database: DOAJ
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-25388-4
Akses: Open Access ✓