Investigating the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from municipal solid waste management using ant colony algorithm, Monte Carlo simulation and LCA approach in terms of EU Green Deal

This study majorly aimed to determine the effect of optimization on transport routes on the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from municipal solid waste management (MSM) within the scope of European Union (EU) Green Deal. Optimization of collection and transportation routes has been regarded as an effective methodology in order to mitigate the GHG emissions of municipal waste management, recently. Optimization of routes has been obtained using ant colony algorithm (ACA) and Monte Carlo simulation, in this study. In this context, this study investigated to reduce GHG emissions from municipal waste management using optimization of transportation routes in Diyarbakir city in Turkey. Firstly, GHG emissions which are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from waste collection and transport have been calculated using a new developed model based on Tier-I method. Then, Monte Carlo simulation has been used to figure out the GHG emissions. Finally, life cycle assessment (LCA) approach has been applied to determine the GHG emissions. According to the route optimization resulting ACA methodology, nearly 47.43% of reduction on each GHG emissions. Approximately, 58%, 38% and 51% of reduction on CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions respectively has been achieved, in the result of the route optimization using Monte Carlo simulation. The results of LCA methodology revealed that the reduction reached up 45.71% on GHG emissions in terms of Global Warming Potential (GWP). The reduction amounts have been overlapped with each other.