Research on temporary shipping network model and optimization strategy under partial shipping network disruption

Facing the critical challenge of partial maritime network disruptions caused by escalating natural disasters, geopolitical conflicts, and infrastructure failures, this research develops a novel methodology and optimization model for the rapid establishment of effective temporary shipping networks. The proposed model offers a cost-effective and operationally feasible network design by integrating shipping network resilience with emergency response capabilities. Specifically, the model introduces three innovative dimensions: (1) network discrepancy degree, which quantifies structural deviations from original configurations and minimizes cascading disruptions; (2) time-sensitive costs, addressing cargo delays, vessel demurrage, and supply chain penalties; and (3) carbon emission constraints, aligning with global decarbonization goals. A hub-and-spoke network variant is employed to dynamically reroute flows through resilient hubs during port failures. To solve this NP-hard problem, custom operators for meta-heuristic algorithms (SA, GA and PSO) are designed and enhanced through Bayesian hyperparameter optimization, ensuring algorithmic adaptability to real-time disruptions. A case study analyzing real Asia-Europe shipping scenarios demonstrates the model’s effectiveness: it reduces total costs by 37.36 % compared to traditional partial-adjustment models that neglect carbon emissions and network variability. Specifically, transportation costs decrease by 12.3 %, carbon emissions drop by 8.7 %, and congestion-induced penalties are minimized by 19.1 % through dynamic capacity allocation and multipath redundancy. The framework maintains 92.4 % operational efficiency during simulated port disruptions, outperforming benchmarks in both computational speed (42 % faster convergence) and solution quality (0.57 % error from the optimal). This study provides actionable strategies for shipping companies to enhance supply chain resilience while supporting industry compliance with evolving environmental regulations.