Enhancement of molecular characterization for antitumor activity on HepG2 cell lines by using some nano-polyphenolic compounds with gamma radiation

Polyphenolic compounds are a natural compounds found in some plants such as fruits, vegetables, coffee, tea, nuts, chocolate, and spices. Curcumin, quercetin, and hesperidin belonging to the polyphenols are characterized by their ability to act as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti-oxidants. On the other hand, nanoparticles may significantly increase the bioavailability of natural products against cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high incidence of cancer diseases, and a high level of mortality. The current study aims to study the possibility of inhibiting the viability of HepG2 cancer cells by using some nano-polyphenolic compounds combined with (or without) small doses of gamma rays. HepG2 cell lines were treated with different doses of nano-curcumin, nano-quercetin, and nano-hesperidin together with2 doses γ-radiations., 2and 5Gy. The viability of the cell line was examined by MTT assay.Real-timetime PCR was used to evaluate the expression of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2 genes. The nano-polyphenolic compounds decreased cell viability in all groups when compared with the control group. Furthermore, nano-compounds increased the expression of p53, and Bax genes, but in Bcl-2 gene expression decreased.The data obtained from the current study revealed that the use of curcumin, hesperidin and quercetin in appropriate doses in their nanoform with gamma rays has an effective effect in killing cancer cells.