Portfolio optimization based on network centralities: Which centrality is better for asset selection during global crises?

We construct correlation-based networks linking 86 assets (stock indices, bond indices, foreign exchange rates, commodity futures, and cryptocurrencies) and analyze the impact of asset selection on portfolio optimization using different centrality measures (including degree, eigenvector, eccentricity, betweenness, PageRank, and hybrid centralities). In times of a global crisis, peripheral assets located in cross-market networks are more suitable for investment. By comparing portfolio performance based on different centrality measures, we find that (i) hybrid, eigenvector, and PageRank centralities can best improve portfolio performance; (ii) degree centrality is suitable for larger portfolios; and (iii) eccentricity and betweenness centralities are unsuitable for network optimization portfolios. In response, we explain them based on the construction principle of centrality measures. Additionally, our optimal portfolios suggest that investors pay more attention to the role of emerging countries, which are less exposed to external shocks and whose financial markets are more likely to remain stable.